Wheel-hub.



No. 717,709. y PATENTBD JAN, 6, 1903.

c. P. NISSEN. WHEEL HUB.

n APPLIUATIOH FILED SEPT. 8, 1902.

N0 MODEL.

seY

UNITED STATES PATENT Ormes'.

CHRISTIAN F. NISSEN, OF VINSTONSALEM, NORTH CAROLINA.

weest-Hue.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatent No. 717,709, dated January 6, 1903. Application filed September 8, 1902. Serial No. 122,529. Y (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, Cnnrsrimv E. Nissan, a citizen of the United States, residing at Winston-Salem, in thecounty of Forsyth and State of North Carolina, have invented new and usefulImprovenientsinVVheel-Hubst which the following is a specilication.

My invention relates te certain new and` useful improvements in Wheel-'hubs made oiv vided with spoke-tenons adjacent.thereto,.

one of the tenons in position and before its inner end is cut oli and a number of Atenons in position in the hub and having theirinner ends cut off. Fig. 2 is an edge View of the inner end or tenen portion of the spoke. Fig. 3 is a side view of the saine, and Fig. Ltis an end View of said spoke.

Referring now to the drawings, l indicates the hub, which, as usual, is formed as an integral structure; 2, the spokes; 3, the tenons of the spokes, and 4L the recesses into which said tenons are designed to be inserted. These recesses, as shown, are each provided with an outwardly-flaring portion 5, extending-from about the center of the recess to the outerV surface of the hub, and with a portion 6, ex-

tending from the center to the inside of the hub, and the side Walls of which are substan` tially parallel. Each spoke 2 has its tenon 3 commencing at a pointindicated bythe dotted line d d in Fig. 2, which indicates the thickest part of the tenen.

verging lines to about the center of the tenen, as indicated by the linebb, Whichalso indicates the thinnest part of the tenen. From the point indicated by the line b b the sides of the tenen diverge to a point indicated by the line c c, Where the tenen, though slightly thicker than at the point b b, is of considerably less thickness than at the point a a. From the point c c the sides of the tenon converge to the inner end o7. of the spoke. It will thus y be seen that from the point indicated by the From this pointfthev two sides of the tenonare cnt away oncon line ZJ b the tenen flares inward to the point c c and outward tothe point a a, thus presenting an'angular recess 7 on each side of the tenon and between the two points indicated. At the point c c the sides of the tenen are rounded or curved, as indicated by the numeral 8, yto avoid presenting sharp edges, which would have 'a tendency to tear the 'walls of the recesses 4 when the spokes were driven in.

In, orderto insert a spoke, the tenen is first dipped in hotglue and then inserted in a recess 4 and driven home. In this operation there will be a mutual compression of the wood of the hub and spoke beginning in the spoke at the enlarged portion c c and in the hub at the point indicated by e e, Where the 'flaring portion of the recess 4: ends and the straight portion 6 begins. As `the enlarged portion c c enters farther and farther in the portion 6 of the recess, however, the resistance of the Wood ofithe hub Will gradually become less and less, owing to the constantlydiminishing thickness of the Walls 9 between the recesses, and hence the wood of the hub will be compressed to conform to the shape of the tenen. When driven home, the end portion of the tenen ibetween d and c e Will project Within the hub, as indicated by 10 in Fig. l, the widened portion c c will lie ush with the inner Wall ot the hub, and the enlarged portion a d1 Will lie Hush with the vouter wall or surface ot the hub. The projecting portion 10 of the spoke is now cut oor chamfered, so that the inner end of the tenon shall conform to the curvature of the inner wall ofthe hub. This cut will extend through the enlarged portion c c of the tenen.

In order to prevent-the Withdrawal of the spokes from a wooden hub, it has been customary to insert a Wedge in their innerends to Widen such ends. It Will be seen, however, that by my construction VI secure a widened inner end tothe .tenen without the necessity of using a Wedge. This feature,

aside from its simplicity and consequent economy, is important, for the reason that it permits the ends of the tenons to be readily chamfered away Without any danger of impairing the security of their engagement with the hub, whereas whenwedges are employed IOO there is always danger that the chamfering-tool will loosen or pull out some of the wedges. Furthermore, it will be seen that the tenon gradually widens from the center b I) to the inner end c c, so that the spoke cannot be withdrawn after having once been inserted in the hub. It will also be seen that the tenon widens gradually from the center Z9 b to the line a ct,which latter coincides with the outer surface of the hub, thus rendering it impossible in use for the spoke to be driven fartherinto the hub and be loosened from the felly of the wheel.

Heretofore the usual means employed for preventing the spokes from being pressed farther into the hub consisted in forming shoulders on the spokes which would rest on the outer surface of the hub. The outer surface of the hub soon becomes softened from the effects of exposure to rain, and these shoulders will press farther and farther into the hub, so that the spokes will in a comparatively short time become loose. It will be seen that with my construction the points of greatest resistance to the inward movement of the spokes are in the line e e at the center of the recesses 4, and these points are well within the hub and protected from the action of the atmosphere. By dispensing with the use of the shoulders I am enabled to employ the greatest thickness of the tenon at the point where it is most needed-that is, at the surface of the hub, Where the greatest strain on the spoke occurs. This construction of tenon affords the necessary resistance to the inward movement of the spoke and avoids the possibility of creaking in the wheel, which is an objection incident to all wheels employing shouldered spokes after they have been in use for any considerable length of time.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new is l. A wooden wheel-hub formed as an integral structure and having a series of radiallydisposed recesses, each of which is larger at its outer end than atthe center, and a series of spokes having tenons inserted endwise in said recesses, said tenons being out of contact with each other and`larger at their inner ends than at the center.

2. A wooden wheel-hub formed as an integral structure and having a series of radiallydisposed recesses formed therein, said recesses having two side walls converging from their outer ends to about the center, and from the center extending substantially parallel to the inner ends of the recesses, and a series of spokes having their tenons inserted endwise in said recesses, said tenons gradually increasing in thickness from the center to the inner and outer surfaces of the hub, and having their thickest points at said outer surface of ihe hub.

3. A wooden wheel-hub formed as an integral structure and having a series of radiallydisposed recesses formed therein, said recesses having two side walls converging from their outer ends to about the center, and from the center extending substantially parallel to the inner ends of the recesses, and a series of spokes having tenons inserted in said recesses, said tenons being out of contact with each other and larger at their inner ends and at the surface of the hub than at the center.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing wit- DQSSGS.

CHRISTIAN F. NISSEN. Witnesses:

HY. F. SHAFFNER, W. A. WILKINSON. 

